Manda Hararo

Manda Hararo sits within the faulted and fissured Karhabi graben. In 2009 a field observations, undertaken following a measurement of high SO2 from the area, identified a’a basalt flows originating from 4-5 km fissures. The earliest dyke intrusion recorded geodetically date from 2005. InSAR studies (Gradin et al. 2010a) report seperate 13 dyke intrusions between 2005 and 2009. Kinematic inversions from Gradin et al. (2010a) of InSAR data reveal that dikes, at an average 5 km depth, opened by 0.8–3.5 m throughout this time. It is estimated each have volumes of 0.04–0.2 km³. The September 2005 megadyke had a length of 60 km (Hamling et al. 2014), 12 m opening and a volume greater than 1 km³ (Gradin et al. 2010a). See Gradin et al. (2010b) Figure 1 for timeline of dyke intrusions 2005 – 2009.
Other studies of the same 2005 – 2009 dyke intrusions (Gradin et al. 2010b) have shown that transient deformation occurs in the inter-diking periods. Gradin et al. (2010b) were able to describe the deformation by the presence of seven inflating or deflating pressure sources. In addition, Gradin et al. 2010 identifies sustained deflation of a deep magma reservoir at Dabbahu in the 6 months following the main rifting event of 2005, and slow decelerating post-eruptive re-inflation of two shallow magma reservoirs below Dabbahu and Gabho volcanoes.
A detailed study of the 2005 dyking event can be found in Gradin et al. (2009), who report a dyke volume of 1.5–2.0 km³, and slip on faults above the dyke of 3 m. For details on post-dyking deformation see Hamling et al. (2014).